Stack for furnaces



Dec. 9, 1941. y o, L, QFFEY 2,265,227

STACK FOR FURNACES Filed June 28, 1939 Patented Dec. 9, 1941 'lJNITEDSTATE STACK FOB FURNACES Oscar L. Cofl'ey, Harvey, Ill.. assignor toWhiting Corporation, Harvey. Ill., a'corporation of ois Application June28, 1939, Serial No. 281,509

3 Claims.

ing 8 formed in one side of the stack wall "I. The refractory e of thestack extends to the under side of wall 1. The stack has straightside-portions e betweenopening 8 and the opposite cylindrical side ofthe stack to provide a passage, rectangular in cross-section, and ofsumcient area from the stack to opening 8. An opening 8 is formed in thestack above the deflector and opening 8, through which the gases arereturned to continuation of the stack above the deflector-wall 1. Theside-portions e of the stack adjacent opening 8 are also straight toform a return opening rectangular in cross-section and of suflicientarea for the flow of gases. A housing is chamber of metallurgicalfurnaces and collecting them for suitable disposition and preventingthem from being discharged from the stack to the surrounding atmosphere.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the detaileddescription.

The invention consists in the several novel features which arehereinafter set forth and are more particularly defined by claims at theconclusion hereof. I

In the drawing: Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a cupola embodying theinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the portion of the stackequipped with the separating and washing means. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the wheel fordischarging the material separated from the stack-gases from the hopperinto which they are deposited. Fig. 6 is a detail section of the spraynozzle.

The invention is exemplified as applied to a cupola or melting furnacewhich is mounted upon a supporting structure a and comprising tuyeres b,a wind-box c and a stack e, the lower portion of which is provided witha melting chamber b and a charging-door b. The stack is of sumcientheight to produce the requisite draft and the separating and washingmeans are connected to the stack and disposed a suitable distance, forexample, eight or ten feet from the upper end thereof.

The improved separating means comprises deflector-means for directingthe stack-gases to one side of the stack and then back into thecontinuation of the stack. This means includes an inclined wall I whichextends across the stack and downwardly from one side thereof to theother side and arrests the upward flow of and deflects the gasesdownwardly through an openprovided at one sideof, and is laterallyoffset relatively to, the stack. This housing forms a passage whichextends downwardly along the inner side of the deflector, under thelower end thereof and upwardly and inwardly at the outer side oftheadeflector through which the gases flow from the outlet opening 8 tothe return opening 8 The housing comprises an upper built-in section I0, the inner side of which is open and in communication with openings 8,8 Section II) comprises an inclined roof |0 substantially parallel tothe inclined wall 1, straight side-walls l0 joined to the straightside-portions e and an outer cross-wall III. The housing with straightside-portions e forms a passage which is rectangular in cross-sectionand extends under, across and over the deflector. The housing alsocomprises a lower section 9 which depends from and is removably securedto housingsection 0 and comprises rectangular walls meeting the side andouter cross-walls of housingsection Ill and a hopper-bottom 9 Thedeflector comprises a laterally and downwardly curved wall 1, which is acontinuation of inclined wall .1 and a vertical wall I which is adownward continuation of wall I. The wall l terminates in thehousing-section 9 above the hopper-bottom to provide a passage throughwhich the gases can flow from one side of the deflector to the other.

Hopper-bottom 9 of housing-section 9 forms a receptacle below the lowerend of wall 1 for water over which the gases are deflected laterally asthey pass under the lower end of wall l of the deflector. An over-flowpipe l5 terminates in the lower section 8 of the housing to maintain acolumn of water therein with which the gases will contact and wherebythe solid particles, which are arrested and separated by wall I of thedeflector, will be trapped by the water in the hopper.

. upper face thereof.

A supply of water under pressure is delivered from a suitable source toa pipe I! in the center ly, the gases pass through the spray dischargedof the stack above the deflector-wall 1. Pipe l2 downwardly andlaterally over and cools the deflector-plate l to prevent itsdestruction by the hot gases from the melting furnace which impingeagainst the under side of the deflector. The water descending acrossopening 8 and that flowing over wall I flows around curved wall I and onthe outer face of wall I of the deflector and descends in the. form of acurtain between the lower end of wall 1" and the column of watermaintained in the housing-section 9.

In operation, the gases from the melting chamber pass upwardlythroughthe stack e and impinge against the under side of deflector-wall I whichis cooled by the water flowing over the The deflected gases passlaterally and downwardly through opening 8 along the inner side of walls1, I to the column' ward passage between the deflector and the outersideand roof-wall of housing-section l0. Next the gases pass upwardly andinwardly through the curtain of water flowing vertically across theopening 8'- between the housing-section ill and the continuation of thestack above deflector-- wall I and through the spray from spreader [3.

Some of the gases also flow over the stream of water flowing over thedeflector. All the water discharged from pipe l2 will flow into thehopper at the bottom of section 9 where a column of predetermined heightis maintained by overflow pipe 15. The gases from the melting chamberare cooled as they impinge against the underside .of deflector-plate I,are washed as they pass and separate the particles from the gases sothey will be deposited in the housing. The gases,

after they have passed through the curtain of water in the lowerhousing-section 9, and as they pass upwardly and back into the topextension of the stack, are again washed by the curtain of water acrosstheopening 8' between the upper housing-section l0 and the stack abovewall '1 so that a second washing of the gases and separation of finerparticles will be effected. These particles will be carried into thehopper withthe water. Some of the gases also impinge against the waterflowing over the top of wall I which further assists in separatingparticles which have escaped the previous washing. Lastacross the stackfrom spreader l3 to eflect a flnal washing thereof. This repeatedseparation and washing of the gase results in separating substantiallyall the impurities therefrom and causes them to be deposited into thehopper. The particles entrained in the water'as the gases flow upwardlyand laterally through the housing are all discharged into the hopper.This construction results in effectively removing all the carbon fromthe gases and much of the sulphur and objectionable odors before thegases escape from the stack. In practice, pieces of charcoal resultingfrom the wood used in separating the melt, are occasionally carried offwith the gases at the end of the melt. The apparatus disclosedeffectively traps such pieces in the water in the hopper.

In the operation of melting furnaces the separated material,particularly the fines, carbon and cinders, accumulate very rapidly,sometimes, for example, at the rate of pounds per hour and they willpack'in the hopper unless they are kept in motion ordischarged at asufllciently rapid rate to displace the solid matter collected in thebottom of the hopper and prevent it from accumulating and packingsolidly in the hopper and obstructing the passage under the deflector.For disposing of the separated material the lower end of thehopper-bottom 9 is connected to a, casing l6 of a paddle-wheel II whichis secured to a shaft l8 which is journaled in said casing. This wheelcomprise a hub and elastic blades IQ for maintaining contact with thecasing to prevent escape of the water around the wheel. This wheel isslowly and continuously operated by an electric motor 20 which ismounted on casing l6 and connected to drive wheel l1 through suitablereduction gearing so that the solid matter will be forcibly displacedfrom the hopper to prevent its accumulation and so that a column ofwater will be retained on the hopper bottom i! over which the gases passand with which some of them contact as they pass through the curtain ofwater flowing from the lower end of the deflector. The volume of waterdischarged with the solid material by the wheel is less than the supplyso that the water column of the desired height will be maintained in thehopper. A pipe 2| is connected to the outlet side of easing I6 fordelivering the separated matter to a collector or to the sewer. Overflowpipe l5 also discharges into pipe 2|.

The invention exemplifies means for washing the gases discharged from afurnace to separate the carbon and other materials therefrom and togreatly reduce the odors in the gases discharged from the extension ofthe stack above the washing means; In passing around the deflector andthrough the offset housing all flames are extinguished so that no flamesare visible as the gases leave the stack. The apparatus is simple inconstruction and eflicient in operation.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details setforth, since these may be modified within the scope of the appendedclaims, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In apparatus for cleaning combustion gases, a vertically extendingconduit for the gases havng an opening in one side thereof, a downwardlyinclined deflector extending from one side of and completely across theconduit and through the opening intermediate its upper and lower endsand beyond the other side of the conduit and having a verticallydepending terminal extending below the lower end of the opening, fordirecting all the gases through the lower portion of the opening anddownwardly at said other side of the conduit, a housing offset andprojecting only from said other side of the conduit and forming apassage for directing the gases from the lower portion of the openingand along the under side of the projecting portion of the deflectoraround the lower end of and over the top face of the deflector andthrough the upper portion of the opening back into the continuation ofthe conduit above the deflector, and a spraying device above theopening, for discharging water transversely across the conduit above thedeflector so the gases in the conduit flowing upwardly from thedeflector will pass through the spray and so that water from the spraywill flow over the upper face of and cool the deflector, the lowerportion of the housing being extended to form a waterreceiving chamberbelow the vertically depending terminal of the deflector.

2. In apparatus for cleaningcombustion gases, a vertically extendingconduit for the gases having an opening in one side thereof, adownwardly inclined deflector extending from one side of and completelyacross the conduit and through the opening intermediate its upper andlower ends and beyond the other side of the conduit and having avertically depending terminal extending below the lower end of theopening, for directing the gases through the lower portion of theopening and downwardly at said other side of the conduit, a housingoffset and projecting only from said other side of the conduit andforming a passage for directing the gases from the lower portion of theopening and along the under side of the projecting portion of thedeflector around the lower endvof and over the top face of the deflectorand through the upper portion of the opening back into the continuationof the conduit above the deflector, and a spraying device above theopening for discharging water transversely across the conduit above thedeflector so the gases in the conduit flowing upwardly from thedeflector will pass through the spray and so that water from the spraywill flow over the upper face of and cool the deflector and so that someof the water will flow across the opening above the deflector, the lowerportion of the housing being extended to form a water-receiving chamberbelow the vertically depending terminal of the deflector.

3. In apparatus for cleaning combustion gases, a vertically extendingconduit for the gases having an opening in one side thereof, adownwardly inclined deflector extending from one side of and completelyacross the conduit and through the opening intermediate its upper andlower ends and beyond the other side of the conduit and having avertically depending terminal extending below the lower end of theopening, for directing the gases through the lower portion of theopening and downwardly at said other side of the conduit, a housingoffset and projecting only from said other side of the conduit andforming a passage for directing the gases from the lower portion of theopening and along the under side of the projecting portion of thedeflector around the lower end of and over the top face of the deflectorand through the upper portion of the opening back into the continuationof the conduit above the deflector, and a spraying device above theopening for discharging water from above onto the deflector so it willflow over the upper face of and cool the deflector, the lower portion ofthe housing being extended to form a water-receiving chamber below thelower end of the deflector, the water being discharged from thedeflector in a curtain across the gases as they pass under and aroundthe lower end of the deflector.

- OSCAR L. COFFEY.

